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// Copyright 2026 Robby Zambito
//
// This file is part of zaprus.
//
// Zaprus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
// Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
// version.
//
// Zaprus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
// WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
// Zaprus. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
pub const IpAddr = packed struct {
int: I,
const V = @Vector(4, u8);
const I = u32;
pub fn fromBytes(s: V) IpAddr {
return .{ .int = @bitCast(s) };
}
};
pub const MacAddr = packed struct {
int: I,
const V = @Vector(6, u8);
const I = @Int(.unsigned, @bitSizeOf(V));
pub fn fromBytes(s: V) MacAddr {
return .{ .int = @bitCast(s) };
}
};
pub const EthIpUdp = packed struct(u336) { // 42 bytes * 8 bits = 336
// --- UDP (Last in memory, defined first for LSB->MSB) ---
udp: packed struct {
checksum: u16 = 0,
len: u16,
dst_port: u16,
src_port: u16,
},
// --- IP ---
ip: packed struct {
dst_addr: IpAddr,
src_addr: IpAddr,
header_checksum: u16 = 0,
protocol: u8 = 17, // udp
ttl: u8 = 0x40,
// fragment_offset (13 bits) + flags (3 bits) = 16 bits
// In Big Endian, flags are the high bits of the first byte.
// To have flags appear first in the stream, define them last here.
fragment_offset: u13 = 0,
flags: packed struct(u3) {
reserved: u1 = 0,
dont_fragment: u1 = 1,
more_fragments: u1 = 0,
} = .{},
id: u16,
len: u16,
tos: u8 = undefined,
// ip_version (4 bits) + ihl (4 bits) = 8 bits
// To have version appear first (high nibble), define it last.
ihl: u4 = 5,
ip_version: u4 = 4,
},
// --- Ethernet ---
eth_type: u16 = std.os.linux.ETH.P.IP,
src_mac: MacAddr,
dst_mac: MacAddr = .fromBytes(@splat(0xff)),
pub fn toBytes(self: @This()) [336 / 8]u8 {
var res: [336 / 8]u8 = undefined;
var w: Writer = .fixed(&res);
w.writeStruct(self, .big) catch unreachable;
return res;
}
pub fn setPayloadLen(self: *@This(), len: usize) void {
self.ip.len = @intCast(len + (@bitSizeOf(@TypeOf(self.udp)) / 8) + (@bitSizeOf(@TypeOf(self.ip)) / 8));
// Zero the checksum field before calculation
self.ip.header_checksum = 0;
// Serialize IP header to big-endian bytes
var ip_bytes: [@bitSizeOf(@TypeOf(self.ip)) / 8]u8 = undefined;
var w: Writer = .fixed(&ip_bytes);
w.writeStruct(self.ip, .big) catch unreachable;
// Calculate checksum over serialized bytes
self.ip.header_checksum = onesComplement16(&ip_bytes);
self.udp.len = @intCast(len + (@bitSizeOf(@TypeOf(self.udp)) / 8));
}
};
fn onesComplement16(data: []const u8) u16 {
var sum: u32 = 0;
// Process pairs of bytes as 16-bit words
var i: usize = 0;
while (i + 1 < data.len) : (i += 2) {
const word: u16 = (@as(u16, data[i]) << 8) | data[i + 1];
sum += word;
}
// Handle odd byte if present
if (data.len % 2 == 1) {
sum += @as(u32, data[data.len - 1]) << 8;
}
// Fold 32-bit sum to 16 bits
while (sum >> 16 != 0) {
sum = (sum & 0xFFFF) + (sum >> 16);
}
// Return ones' complement
return ~@as(u16, @truncate(sum));
}
const std = @import("std");
const Writer = std.Io.Writer;
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